{"id":3946,"date":"2020-03-23T23:20:35","date_gmt":"2020-03-23T22:20:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/?p=3946"},"modified":"2020-06-05T09:59:36","modified_gmt":"2020-06-05T07:59:36","slug":"achille-balliere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/03\/23\/achille-balliere\/","title":{"rendered":"Achille Balli\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"

Balli\u00e8re<\/span>, <\/span>\u00c9<\/span>douard, <\/span>Achille<\/span>, <\/span>architecte et homme politique fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Sannerville (Calvados) le 17 octobre 1840*, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris le 4 novembre 1905.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/p>\r\n

Achille Balli\u00e8re naquit dans une famille normande relativement ais\u00e9e qui lui assura une bonne \u00e9ducation, sanctionn\u00e9e par un dipl\u00f4me d\u2019architecte, et ce qu\u2019on appelle un \u00ab beau mariage \u00bb (1864). On ignore en revanche si ses sentiments r\u00e9publicains et anticl\u00e9ricaux faisaient partie de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage ou s\u2019ils furent le r\u00e9sultat d\u2019un choix personnel. En 1864, il travailla \u00e0 la r\u00e9fection du d\u00f4me des Invalides puis revint exercer son m\u00e9tier \u00e0 Caen o\u00f9 il devint vite l\u2019un des chefs de la franc-ma\u00e7onnerie locale. Mais cette existence paisible ne le satisfaisait pas et, en 1870, il retourna \u00e0 Paris pour devenir acteur dans une troupe th\u00e9\u00e2trale de banlieue. Il participa \u00e9galement \u00e0 la journ\u00e9e du 4 septembre, au cours de laquelle, contrairement \u00e0 ses affirmations ult\u00e9rieures, il ne joua aucun r\u00f4le important ; il en fut de m\u00eame pendant la Commune, malgr\u00e9 son grade de capitaine \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat-major de Rossel et sa participation \u00e0 la manifestation des francs-ma\u00e7ons. Arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 18 juin 1871 et d\u00e9port\u00e9 \u00e0 Noum\u00e9a, il s\u2019\u00e9vada en compagnie de Rochefort<\/a>, gagna Londres (juillet 1874) puis Bruxelles d\u2019o\u00f9 il fut expuls\u00e9 et s\u2019installa finalement \u00e0 Strasbourg d\u2019o\u00f9, d\u00e8s 1878, il lan\u00e7a ses premi\u00e8res attaques contre Rochefort. Graci\u00e9 en 1879, il s\u2019installa \u00e0 Clermont-Ferrand o\u00f9 il reprit son m\u00e9tier d\u2019architecte et se fit \u00e9lire conseiller municipal.<\/span>
Une nouvelle fois, Balli\u00e8re fut incapable de supporter une vie rang\u00e9e. Boulangiste de la premi\u00e8re heure, bient\u00f4t d\u00e9missionnaire de la franc-ma\u00e7onnerie, il devint d\u00e8s juin 1888 d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 de la Ligue des patriotes<\/a> pour Clermont, fut poursuivi l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante pour outrages au procureur Quesnay de Beaurepaire<\/a> et se fit condamner, le 30 juillet 1890, \u00e0 six mois de prison. Pour les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives de 1889, il accepta m\u00eame d\u2019\u00eatre un candidat de diversion contre Clemenceau dans le Var, moyennant une forte somme vers\u00e9e par les royalistes. \u00c9galement battu \u00e0 Belleville aux municipales de mai 1890, il v\u00e9cut quelque temps entre Clermont et la capitale, fr\u00e9quentant les milieux de la gauche boulangiste (Jourde<\/a>, Ernest Roche<\/a>, Vaughan<\/a>), puis se fixa d\u00e9finitivement \u00e0 Paris en 1895.<\/span>
L\u2019affaire Dreyfus le ramena \u00e0 la politique militante et le fit monter rapidement en grade au sein de la Ligue des patriotes, m\u00eame s\u2019il ne fut jamais un intime de D\u00e9roul\u00e8de<\/a>. Tr\u00e8s antis\u00e9mite (il versa avec un ami 100 francs au Monument Henry<\/a>), Balli\u00e8re affichait un nationalisme de gauche assez fruste, tr\u00e8s hostile aux intellectuels<\/a> (les \u00ab sociologues \u00bb, comme il les appelait), et pr\u00e9sidait l\u2019Association fran\u00e7aise pour l\u2019organisation du travail national, \u00e9manation socialisante et mort-n\u00e9e de la Ligue antis\u00e9mitique<\/a>. Il ne fit pourtant gu\u00e8re parler de lui, m\u00eame si, dans le projet de coup d\u2019\u00c9tat \u00e9labor\u00e9 en juillet 1899, il devait commander la premi\u00e8re des trois brigades de ligueurs charg\u00e9es de marcher sur l\u2019\u00c9lys\u00e9e. Arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 12 ao\u00fbt, traduit en Haute Cour<\/a> o\u00f9 il fit pi\u00e8tre figure, il fut acquitt\u00e9 et, apr\u00e8s avoir vainement r\u00eav\u00e9 d\u2019un si\u00e8ge au S\u00e9nat, se fit \u00e9lire en mai 1900, avec le soutien discret de l\u2019Union nationale, fort puissante dans ce quartier, conseiller municipal de Clignancourt.<\/span>
Devenu un notable du nationalisme, Pr\u00e9sident d\u2019honneur de divers cercle (tel le Cercle nationaliste de la Rive-Gauche), Balli\u00e8re, aveugl\u00e9 par l\u2019ambition, s\u2019empressa de g\u00e2cher ses atouts. Il se brouilla avec D\u00e9roul\u00e8de d\u00e8s 1900, multiplia les erreurs au Conseil municipal et se pr\u00e9senta aux l\u00e9gislatives de 1902<\/a> dans le xviii<\/span>e <\/sup>arrondissement contre Charles Bernard<\/a>, candidat officiel des nationalistes. D\u00e9savou\u00e9 par tous, y compris son propre comit\u00e9, accus\u00e9 de trahison et abandonn\u00e9 par Rochefort, il fut logiquement battu au terme d\u2019une campagne particuli\u00e8rement f\u00e9roce (voir Arch. PP. Ba 217). Ne songeant qu\u2019\u00e0 se venger, il se rapprocha du pouvoir et vota d\u00e8s lors contre la majorit\u00e9 nationaliste de l\u2019H\u00f4tel de ville, ce qui pr\u00e9cipita sa perte : aux municipales de 1904, les nationalistes et l\u2019Action lib\u00e9rale<\/a> s\u2019acharn\u00e8rent sur leur ancien alli\u00e9 et le firent battre d\u00e8s le premier tour. Aigri, cribl\u00e9 de dettes, Balli\u00e8re r\u00e9gla ses comptes dans un volume de souvenirs (Les Aventures du marquis de Rochefort et de l\u2019auteur, <\/i>Paris, [1904], 374 p.) qui n\u2019est qu\u2019un m\u00e9diocre pamphlet contre Rochefort et les divers nationalistes. Deux ans plus tard, il mourut dans la mis\u00e8re. L\u00e9pine <\/a>assista \u00e0 ses obs\u00e8ques civiles. <\/span>
Ambitieux, instable, un peu mythomane et pas tr\u00e8s intelligent, Balli\u00e8re n\u2019a jou\u00e9 qu\u2019un r\u00f4le subalterne dans le nationalisme, avant de l\u2019abandonner non par id\u00e9ologie mais parce qu\u2019on lui refusait une investiture \u00e9lectorale. Ancien communard vendu aux royalistes, anticl\u00e9rical subventionn\u00e9 par l\u2019abb\u00e9 Garnier<\/a>, \u00e9lu d\u2019opposition qui change de camp en cours de mandat pour de simples frustrations de carri\u00e8re, il repr\u00e9sente assez bien les errements politiques de certains r\u00e9publicains r\u00e9volt\u00e9s contre la R\u00e9publique.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sources et bibliographie : Ses interrogatoires devant la Haute-Cour et les pi\u00e8ces de proc\u00e9dure \u00e0 son sujet se trouvent dans Haute Cour de justice. Affaire Buffet, D\u00e9roul\u00e8de, Gu\u00e9rin et autres, inculp\u00e9s de complot. <\/em>Interrogatoires (1er<\/span> fascicule) ; Pi\u00e8ces des proc\u00e9dures (2e<\/sup> fascicule) ; Documents III. Ligue des Patriotes (6e<\/sup> fascicule) ; Proc\u00e9dure g\u00e9n\u00e9rale (8e<\/sup> fascicule)<\/em>, Paris, imprimerie nationale, 1899, p.\u00a0p. 3, 6, 21-23, 105-106 ;\u00a0p. 77-78 ; p. 3 ;\u00a0p. 54-55.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bertrand Joly<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\"\"

BHdV<\/p><\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Balli\u00e8re, \u00c9douard, Achille, architecte et homme politique fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Sannerville (Calvados) le 17 octobre 1840*, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris le 4 novembre 1905.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,12,234,74,72,256],"tags":[87],"class_list":["post-3946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-antidreyfusard","category-antisemite","category-architecte","category-calvados","category-franc-macon","category-nationaliste","tag-affaire-dreyfus"],"yoast_head":"\nAchille Balli\u00e8re - Dictionnaire de l'affaire Dreyfus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/03\/23\/achille-balliere\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Achille Balli\u00e8re - 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