{"id":2295,"date":"2020-02-17T21:12:36","date_gmt":"2020-02-17T20:12:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/?p=2295"},"modified":"2020-02-17T21:12:36","modified_gmt":"2020-02-17T20:12:36","slug":"karl-appuhn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/17\/karl-appuhn\/","title":{"rendered":"Karl Appuhn"},"content":{"rendered":"

Appuhn<\/span>, <\/span>Charles, Albert dit<\/span> Karl<\/span>, <\/span>enseignant fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Alexandrie (Egypte) le 17 avril 1862*, date et lieu de d\u00e9c\u00e8s inconnus.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/p>\r\n

Son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait hanovrien et sa m\u00e8re fran\u00e7aise. Il fut naturalis\u00e9 fran\u00e7ais en 1889. Bachelier en 1879, il fit successivement ses \u00e9tudes secondaires au lyc\u00e9e de Marseille, en Suisse et au lyc\u00e9e Charlemagne. D\u2019abord licenci\u00e9 en math\u00e9matiques en 1882, il bifurqua vers la philosophie \u00e0 la Sorbonne. Sa m\u00e8re \u00e9tant devenue veuve et sans ressources, il paya ses \u00e9tudes en travaillant comme pr\u00e9cepteur dans une riche famille russe habitant Auteuil. Sa naturalisation lui permit d\u2019obtenir une bourse d\u2019agr\u00e9gation pour mieux pr\u00e9parer ce concours o\u00f9 il fut re\u00e7u huiti\u00e8me en 1890.<\/span>
Son premier poste le conduisit \u00e0 La R\u00e9union, au lyc\u00e9e de Saint-Denis. Revenu en m\u00e9tropole en 1892, il fut affect\u00e9 dans le Midi \u00e0 Tournon, puis en Avignon o\u00f9 il fonda la section de la Ligue des droits de l\u2019homme du Vaucluse, section qu\u2019il pr\u00e9sida en 1899 et 1900. Il signa la p\u00e9tition en faveur de Picquart<\/a> en novembre 1898 (3e<\/sup> liste). Il fut \u00e9galement secr\u00e9taire de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Populaire d\u2019Avignon, d\u00e8s sa fondation.<\/span>
En octobre 1900, il obtint sa mutation pour Orl\u00e9ans o\u00f9 il poursuivit son action militante au sein de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Populaire et de la LDH\u2008<\/a>du Loiret (dont il fut le pr\u00e9sident en 1904 et 1905). Il souscrivit au monument Zola<\/a> en octobre 1902. <\/span>
Au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e scolaire 1903-1904, des notables orl\u00e9anais lui reproch\u00e8rent d\u2019avoir un enseignement de la philosophie \u00ab\u2008en contradiction avec la morale religieuse\u2008\u00bb (Appuhn \u00e9tait ath\u00e9e et libre penseur) et d\u2019avoir \u00ab\u2008parl\u00e9 positivement de l\u2019union libre\u2008\u00bb. Le Recteur et l\u2019Inspecteur d\u2019Acad\u00e9mie le d\u00e9fendirent, estimant qu\u2019il \u00e9tait victime d\u2019une \u00ab\u2008cabale\u2008\u00bb, de \u00ab bruits calomnieux \u00bb et d\u2019\u00ab\u2008interpr\u00e9tations inexactes \u00bb.<\/span>
Il quitta Orl\u00e9ans en 1909 pour retrouver sa ville natale Alexandrie o\u00f9 il enseigna au lyc\u00e9e fran\u00e7ais durant quatre ann\u00e9es. Puis, le lyc\u00e9e de Reims fut une \u00e9tape (1913-1917) avant de retrouver la capitale, au Lyc\u00e9e Saint-Louis (1917-1924) et enfin au lyc\u00e9e Henri iv<\/span>, sa derni\u00e8re affectation avant sa retraite en 1927.<\/span>
Sa carri\u00e8re ininterrompue de professeur de lyc\u00e9e ne l\u2019emp\u00eacha pas de publier une vingtaine d\u2019ouvrages. Grand sp\u00e9cialiste de Cic\u00e9ron et de Spinoza, il fut pour chacun d\u2019entre eux, le traducteur et le commentateur de leurs \u0153uvres compl\u00e8tes. Ses origines paternelles germaniques l\u2019amen\u00e8rent \u00e0 \u00e9crire un livre sur l\u2019histoire de Guillaume ii<\/span> (coauteur avec Pierre Renouvin) et surtout, en novembre 1933, \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter un Hitler par lui-m\u00eame, d\u2019apr\u00e8s son livre Mein Kampf <\/i>(aux \u00e9ditions Haumont). Il collabora r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement au bulletin de la \u00ab\u2008Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Philosophie\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span>
Ses origines et son universalisme l\u2019amen\u00e8rent \u00e0 s\u2019engager pour la d\u00e9fense des droits de l\u2019Homme, et pour Dreyfus plus particuli\u00e8rement.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sources et bibliographie : dossier de fonctionnaire de Karl Appuhn, AN, F\/17\/23886\/B. Archives de la Ligue des droits de l\u2019homme du Loiret (aux A.D du Loiret). Dossier de la L\u00e9gion d\u2019honneur : 19800035\/757\/85808<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Georges Joumas<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Appuhn, Charles, Albert dit Karl, enseignant fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Alexandrie (Egypte) le 17 avril 1862*, date et lieu de d\u00e9c\u00e8s inconnus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,49,75,40],"tags":[87,86],"class_list":["post-2295","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dreyfusard","category-loiret","category-universitaire","category-vaucluse","tag-affaire-dreyfus","tag-dictionnaire-de-laffaire-dreyfus"],"yoast_head":"\nKarl Appuhn - Dictionnaire de l'affaire Dreyfus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/17\/karl-appuhn\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Karl Appuhn - 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