{"id":1561,"date":"2020-01-28T22:01:39","date_gmt":"2020-01-28T21:01:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/?p=1561"},"modified":"2020-06-02T13:40:31","modified_gmt":"2020-06-02T11:40:31","slug":"charles-andler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/28\/charles-andler\/","title":{"rendered":"Charles Andler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Andler, Charles, <\/span>Philippe, Th\u00e9odore, germaniste fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) le 11 mars 1866*, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 Malherbes (Loiret) le 1<sup>er<\/sup> avril 1933.<\/p>\r\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Normalien, il fut re\u00e7u premier \u00e0 l\u2019agr\u00e9gation d\u2019allemand (1889), apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9chou\u00e9, \u00e0 deux reprises, \u00e0 l\u2019agr\u00e9gation de philosophie devant un jury qui l\u2019accusa d\u2019\u00eatre \u00ab&nbsp;intoxiqu\u00e9 de m\u00e9taphysique d\u2019outre-Rhin&nbsp;\u00bb (cit\u00e9 dans Daniel Lindenberg et Pierre-Andr\u00e9 Meyer, <em>Lucien Herr, le socialisme et son destin, <\/em>Paris, Calmann-L\u00e9vy, 1977, p. 34). En 1893, il int\u00e9gra l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur en tant que ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences d\u2019allemand \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure de la rue d\u2019Ulm et, en 1897, fut nomm\u00e9 \u00e0 la Sorbonne, la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e que la publication de sa th\u00e8se d\u2019\u00e9tat sur <em>Les Origines du socialisme d\u2019\u00c9tat en Allemagne. <\/em>Il obtiendra la chaire de professeur de langue et litt\u00e9rature germaniques en 1908.<br \/>L\u2019activit\u00e9 intellectuelle d\u2019Andler\u2008\u2013 son int\u00e9r\u00eat pour la philosophie allemande\u2008\u2013 s\u2019accompagna d\u2019un engagement politique. Fin 1889, il adh\u00e9ra au <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/12\/parti-ouvrier-socialiste-revolutionnaire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parti ouvrier socialiste r\u00e9volutionnaire<\/a>, inspir\u00e9 en cela, tr\u00e8s probablement, par Lucien <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/14\/lucien-herr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Herr\u2008<\/a>\u2013 son meilleur ami \u2013 qui y avait adh\u00e9r\u00e9 quelques mois plus t\u00f4t. La philosophie allemande et le socialisme rest\u00e8rent les grands centres d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat sa vie durant. Si l&rsquo;influence de <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/03\/michel-breal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michel Br\u00e9al<\/a> eut assur\u00e9ment dans ses premiers doutes, et de d\u00e8s 1894, son importance \u2013 \u00ab&nbsp;Nous \u00e9tions rest\u00e9s dans un silence constern\u00e9 et sceptique devant ce <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/proces-de-1894\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">jugement<\/a>&nbsp;\u00bb, \u00e9crit-il (<i>idem<\/i>) \u2013, celle du <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">biblioth\u00e9caire de l\u2019\u00c9cole normale fut d\u00e9terminante, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Herr ayant fait de l\u2019\u00c9cole normale \u00ab&nbsp;le foyer br\u00fblant de la conscience nationale\u2008\u00bb (<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">ibid., <\/em><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">p. 148).\u00a0<\/span>Si Herr fut acquis \u00e0 la cause dreyfusarde, sans doute, d\u00e8s 1895, au plus tard en 1896, la conviction d\u2019Andler dut suivre de peu&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;Il [Herr] n\u2019eut pas de peine \u00e0 faire de nous tous des <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/14\/dreyfusard\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dreyfusards<\/a>. Nous l\u2019aurions suivi partout&nbsp;\u00bb <em>(ibid., <\/em>146).\u00a0Le nom d\u2019Andler allait d\u2019ailleurs figurer sur une liste dress\u00e9e \u00e0 la main par Herr, en 1897, d\u2019intellectuels \u00e0 contacter en faveur de la r\u00e9vision du proc\u00e8s <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/alfred-dreyfus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dreyfus<\/a>. Il s\u2019y trouvait en bonne place entre <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/28\/sylvain-levi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sylvain L\u00e9vi<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/28\/joseph-bedier\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joseph B\u00e9dier<\/a>. Tout en n\u2019ayant pas \u00e9t\u00e9 un dreyfusard militant, Andler se trouva toujours au premier rang pour signer des p\u00e9titions. Not\u00e9 par Herr, en d\u00e9cembre 1897, comme possible signataire du <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/04\/13\/premiere-adresse-a-zola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">premier projet de protestation<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/04\/13\/premiere-adresse-a-zola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">(voir <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dreyfus.culture.fr\/fr\/les-francais-et-dreyfus\/la-formation-de-l-opinion\/media-36-1eres_listes_de_dreyfusards_potentiels.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dreyfus.culture.fr<\/a>), il signa la toute <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/premiere-protestation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">premi\u00e8re protestation<\/a>, rendue publique, demandant la r\u00e9vision du proc\u00e8s de 1894. Son nom parut le 14 janvier 1898 dans <em>L\u2019Aurore, <\/em>juste apr\u00e8s celui de Herr. Il signa \u00e9galement le 19 janvier la cinqui\u00e8me liste de la <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/12\/deuxieme-protestation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deuxi\u00e8me\u00a0protestation<\/a>, de ton plus l\u00e9galiste<em>. <\/em>De m\u00eame signa-t-il le 26 novembre la premi\u00e8re liste de la <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/07\/protestation-picquart\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protestation en faveur de Picquart<\/a> et, en 1900, la protestation contre l&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/09\/amnistie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">amnistie<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/24\/protestation-contre-lamnistie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>L&rsquo;Aurore<\/em>, 29 janvier<\/a>). Andler fut aussi un des adh\u00e9rents du <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/15\/meetings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">meeting<\/a> de soutien \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/lieutenant-colonel-george-picquart\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Picquart<\/a>, convoqu\u00e9e sous la pr\u00e9sidence d\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/emile-duclaux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00c9mile Duclaux<\/a> pour le 28 novembre, et au cours de laquelle il prit la parole avec, entre autres, <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/anatole-france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anatole France<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/charles-seignobos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Seignobos<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/07\/jean-jaures\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jaur\u00e8s<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/charles-friedel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Friedel<\/a>. Andler participa \u00e9galement, \u00e0 ce qu\u2019il appelait, \u00ab\u2008une des journ\u00e9es triomphales du dreyfusisme\u2008\u00bb <em>(ibid., <\/em>p.173) \u2013 celle du 11 juin 1899 sur le champ de courses de <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/12\/manifestation-de-longchamp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Longchamp<\/a>\u2008\u2013 organis\u00e9e par la gauche pour d\u00e9fendre le <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/27\/emile-loubet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pr\u00e9sident Loubet<\/a>, objet d\u2019attaques <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/14\/antidreyfusard\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">antidreyfusardes<\/a> la semaine pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/incidents-dauteuil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Auteuil<\/a>.<br \/>Cinq ans plus tard, c\u2019est \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/09\/bernard-lazare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bernard Lazare<\/a>, une victime invisible de l\u2019Affaire, qu\u2019Andler rendit un hommage \u00e9mouvant, cette fois-ci d\u2019ordre personnel. Par sa mort, le 2 septembre 1903, Lazare, qu\u2019il avait beaucoup fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des <em>Entretiens politiques et litt\u00e9raires <\/em>(revue \u00e0 laquelle il avait collabor\u00e9 sous le pseudonyme de Th\u00e9odore Randal), devint pour Andler, la \u00ab&nbsp;principale\u2008\u00bb victime de l\u2019Affaire&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;Picquart lui-m\u00eame\u2008\u00bb, \u00e9crivit-il, le 5 septembre, \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/camille-bloch\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Camille Bloch<\/a>, ami de jeunesse de Lazare, \u00ab&nbsp;n\u2019a compromis que sa situation. <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/07\/auguste-scheurer-kestner\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Scheurer<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/emile-zola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Zola<\/a> n\u2019avaient pas une jeunesse et un avenir \u00e0 donner. Il y a l\u00e0 quelque chose de simple et de grand, d\u2019une grandeur ibs\u00e9nienne. Le vrai journaliste, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire le journaliste du vrai, dont la presse ne veut pas \u00e0 cause qu\u2019il apporte le vrai, et qui meurt de l\u2019effort de l\u2019angoisse, du souci, de l\u2019avanie constante, voil\u00e0 Lazare. Nous devons le dire tr\u00e8s haut dans ce pays du mufle&#8230;\u2008\u00bb (cit\u00e9 dans Tonnelat, <em>Charles Andler, <\/em>p. 110). Lazare, l\u2019incarnation du proph\u00e8te juif pour <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/charles-peguy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">P\u00e9guy<\/a>, devint \u00e9galement une figure h\u00e9ro\u00efque sous la plume d\u2019Andler. Une biographie collective de Lazare s\u2019imposait alors. Pour ce projet Andler songeait \u00e0 lui-m\u00eame, \u00e0 Camille Bloch, \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/pierre-quillard\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pierre Quillard<\/a> et \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/08\/paul-adam\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Adam<\/a>. C\u2019est ainsi que les dreyfusards rempliraient leur \u00ab&nbsp;devoir envers Lazare\u2008\u00bb (<em>Ibid.<\/em>). Ce projet resta lettre morte. Mais deux ans plus tard, en 1905, une autre forme d\u2019hommage collectif fut r\u00e9alis\u00e9e. Un Comit\u00e9 se constitua pour qu\u2019un monument f\u00fbt \u00e9rig\u00e9 \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire de Lazare \u00e0 N\u00eemes, sa ville natale. Andler, ainsi que Herr, <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/11\/gabriel-monod\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gabriel Monod<\/a>, Anatole France, les fr\u00e8res Reinach (<a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/salomon-reinach\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Salomon<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/07\/joseph-reinach\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joseph<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/theodore-reinach\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Th\u00e9odore<\/a>), firent partie du Comit\u00e9. Le monument fut inaugur\u00e9 le 4 septembre 1908.<br \/>Quoique pendant l\u2019Affaire Dreyfus Andler n\u2019eut pas occup\u00e9 l\u2019avant-sc\u00e8ne du combat des intellectuels, il devint \u00e0 son tour victime de son dreyfusisme. Ce fut en mai 1908, un mois avant le <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/pantheonisation-de-zola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">transfert des cendres de Zola au Panth\u00e9on<\/a>. \u00c0 la demande de Louis Liard, vice-recteur de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Andler avait entrepris pendant les vacances de P\u00e2ques un voyage d\u2019\u00e9tude en Allemagne avec des \u00e9tudiants de la Sorbonne. \u00c0 son retour d\u2019Allemagne il devint la cible de la r\u00e9action nationaliste, orchestr\u00e9e par l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/laction-francaise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Action fran\u00e7aise<\/a>, qui l\u2019accusa de complaisance coupable envers l\u2019Allemagne, ou pire, de trahison. C\u2019\u00e9tait \u00ab\u2008l\u2019intellectuel&nbsp;\u00bb dreyfusard qui \u00e9tait mis en cause. Le quartier Latin devint le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de manifestations, de bagarres entre partisans et adversaires d\u2019Andler. Les cours d\u2019Andler ne purent se d\u00e9rouler normalement et durent \u00eatre ferm\u00e9s au grand public. Ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements firent la une des journaux. \u00c0 deux reprises, <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/07\/maurice-barres\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Barr\u00e8s<\/a> attaqua Andler dans <em><a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/29\/lecho-de-paris\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">L\u2019\u00c9cho de Paris<\/a>. <\/em>Selon lui, \u00ab\u2008[&#8230;] il semble bien que ce soit l\u2019affaire Dreyfus qui ait germanis\u00e9 Charles Andler\u2008\u00bb (<a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k805446w.item\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00ab&nbsp;Le Voyage des trente et un maladroits&nbsp;\u00bb, 5 mai<\/a>). Dans <em>L\u2019Action fran\u00e7aise, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/07\/leon-daudet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">L\u00e9on Daudet<\/a> consacra \u00e0 Andler des articles d\u2019un th\u00e9\u00e2tralisme virulent, dont un intitul\u00e9 \u00ab&nbsp;D\u2019Andler \u00e0 Dreyfus par Zola\u2008\u00bb. Pour lui les manifestations nationalistes du quartier Latin \u00e9taient celles d\u2019une jeunesse qui \u00ab\u2008avait senti que la promenade de d\u2019Andler ramenait \u00e0 Zola et \u00e0 Dreyfus, par Berlin\u00a0\u00bb (<a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k756192f.item\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">22 mai<\/a>). \u00c0 travers Andler, c\u2019\u00e9tait l\u2019affaire Dreyfus qui \u00e9tait vis\u00e9e. En effet, pour Pierre Lasserre de <em>L\u2019Action fran\u00e7aise, <\/em>\u00ab\u00a0l\u2019affaire Andler, cela n\u2019existe pas. L\u2019affaire Dreyfus seule existe&nbsp;\u00bb (cit\u00e9 dans <a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k2516738\/f3.item.r=andler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>L\u2019Humanit\u00e9, <\/em>23 mai<\/a>). Ce fut la <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/11\/ligue-francaise-pour-la-defense-des-droits-de-lhomme-et-du-citoyen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ligue des droits de l\u2019homme<\/a>, sous la pr\u00e9sidence de <a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/francis-de-pressense\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Francis de Pressens\u00e9<\/a>, qui organisa le 22 mai un meeting important pour d\u00e9fendre Andler, \u00e9galement membre de la Ligue depuis sa fondation. En signe de reconnaissance ce dernier leur adressa le lendemain une lettre dans laquelle il exprimait sa crainte que cette affaire ne f\u00fbt que le pr\u00e9lude \u00e0 une autre mettant \u00ab&nbsp;en cause [&#8230;], avec [lui], toute la Ligue des droits de l\u2019homme, tout le dreyfusisme&nbsp;\u00bb. Mais, ajoutait Andler, \u00ab&nbsp;vous me retrouverez \u00e0 vos c\u00f4t\u00e9s d\u00e8s le jour des fun\u00e9railles de Zola&nbsp;\u00bb (cit\u00e9 dans le <em>Bulletin officiel de la Ligue des Droits de l\u2019Homme, <\/em>30 juin 1908, p. 876). En effet son voyage d\u2019\u00e9tudes en Allemagne avait servi de pr\u00e9texte aux vaincus de l\u2019Affaire. Ils \u00e9mettaient un dernier cri de vengeance avant le transfert, le 4 juin, des cendres de Zola au Panth\u00e9on \u2013 supr\u00eame cons\u00e9cration de la victoire dreyfusarde.<br \/>En 1912-1913, ce fut avec le Parti socialiste fran\u00e7ais qu\u2019Andler, pourtant membre du Parti, engagea une pol\u00e9mique publique, et ceci parce qu\u2019il avait d\u00e9nonc\u00e9, dans une s\u00e9rie d\u2019articles, les tendances imp\u00e9rialistes, militaristes et colonialistes au sein de la social-d\u00e9mocratie allemande (<em>Le socialisme imp\u00e9rialiste dans l\u2019Allemagne contemporaine. Dossier d\u2019une pol\u00e9mique avec J. Jaur\u00e8s <\/em>[1912-1913], 2<sup>e<\/sup> \u00e9d. 1918 ). Par sa prise de position il allait \u00e0 l\u2019encontre de la politique suivie par le Parti socialiste fran\u00e7ais, celle d\u2019un front uni avec le Parti socialiste allemand, mettant ainsi en p\u00e9ril l\u2019unit\u00e9 si difficilement acquise de l\u2019Internationale socialiste. Ces articles furent suivis d\u2019ouvrages sur le pangermanisme, tous publi\u00e9s pendant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre. Andler quitta le Parti \u00e0 la fin de la guerre.<br \/>Au lendemain de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre, les grandes pr\u00e9occupations d\u2019Andler, en tant qu\u2019Alsacien, furent la r\u00e9int\u00e9gration de l\u2019Alsace et de la Lorraine dans une France r\u00e9publicaine et la r\u00e9organisation de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg. C\u2019est ainsi qu\u2019il appartint \u00e0 plusieurs organismes officiels charg\u00e9s de ces questions. Il fut, entre autres, membre du Conseil sup\u00e9rieur d\u2019Alsace et de Lorraine cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1919 et, avec d\u2019autres universitaires, charg\u00e9 par le Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Instruction publique de restructurer la nouvelle Universit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de Strasbourg.<br \/>En 1926, Andler fut nomm\u00e9 au Coll\u00e8ge de France en tant que professeur de langues et litt\u00e9rature d\u2019origine germanique. Selon lui, il devait cette nomination, en grande partie, \u00e0 l\u2019appui de Lucien Herr. Cette fonction lui donna le loisir de se consacrer enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 son \u0153uvre sur Nietzsche sur lequel il travaillait depuis de nombreuses ann\u00e9es. Avec la publication de sa grande \u00e9tude en six volumes sur le philosophe (1921-1930), Andler, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le fondateur de la germanistique fran\u00e7aise, devint \u00e9galement le premier nietzsch\u00e9en de France. La derni\u00e8re \u0153uvre d\u2019Andler, publi\u00e9e quelques mois avant sa mort, fut consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 Lucien Herr, dont la disparition en 1926, l\u2019avait laiss\u00e9 inconsolable. Dans ces pages, Andler revenait indirectement \u00e9galement sur son propre pass\u00e9. Dans cette biographie \u00ab&nbsp;surtout int\u00e9rieure\u2008\u00bb (lettre du 31 ao\u00fbt 1930 d\u2019Andler \u00e0 M<sup>me <\/sup>Jeanne Lucien-Herr, Fonds Lucien Herr, Fondation nationale des sciences politiques, Paris) de celui avec lequel il avait tant partag\u00e9, Andler faisait revivre leur triple combat de combat de dreyfusards, de socialistes et d\u2019Alsaciens. <em>La Vie de Lucien Herr <\/em>(1932) fut son chant du cygne.<br \/>Demeure une question&nbsp;: fut-il, comme le pense Robert Burac, un des auteurs d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/index.php\/2020\/01\/05\/anonyme-7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Histoire des variations de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat-major<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;?<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">Sources et bibliographie&nbsp;: <span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Sur Charles Andler, on pourra consulter l\u2019ouvrage de son successeur au Coll\u00e8ge de France&nbsp;: Ernest Tonnelat, <em>Charles Andler. Sa vie et son \u0153uvre. <\/em>Publications de la Facult\u00e9 des lettres de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, n<sup>o<\/sup> 77, Paris, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9dition, Les Belles Lettres, 1937. Sur les remous politiques provoqu\u00e9s par le voyage d\u2019Andler en Allemagne en 1908, voir A. Blum, \u00ab\u2008Charles Andler en 1908\u2008: un Germaniste pris entre la France et l\u2019Allemagne\u2008\u00bb, <em>Revue germanique internationale, <\/em>n<sup>o<\/sup> 4, 1995, p. 27-34. Andler a consacr\u00e9 deux chapitres \u00e0 l\u2019affaire Dreyfus dans <em>La Vie de Lucien Herr, <\/em>Rieder, 1932 (r\u00e9\u00e9d. 1977, Paris, Masp\u00e9ro). Sur les liens entre Andler et Herr, voir aussi la <em>Correspondance entre Charles Andler et Lucien Herr<\/em>, 1991-1926, \u00e9dition \u00e9tablie, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e et annot\u00e9e par Antoinette Blum, pr\u00e9face de Christophe Charle, Paris, Presses de l\u2019\u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure, 1992.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"align&nbsp;:\"right\",\"customFontSize&nbsp;:10} -->\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\" style=\"font-size: 10px; text-align: right;\"><em>Antoinette Blum<\/em><\/p>\r\n<div id=\"attachment_1678\" style=\"width: 245px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1678\" class=\"wp-image-1678 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/andler.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"235\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/andler.png 235w, https:\/\/dicoaffairedreyfus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/andler-199x300.png 199w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 235px) 100vw, 235px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-1678\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">https:\/\/www.nietzsche-en-france.fr\/<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Andler, Charles, Philippe, Th\u00e9odore, germaniste fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) le 11 mars 1866*, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 Malherbes (Loiret) le 1er avril 1933.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,9,70,75],"tags":[87,146,86],"class_list":["post-1561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alsace","category-dreyfusard","category-socialiste","category-universitaire","tag-affaire-dreyfus","tag-charles-andler-et-laffaire-dreyfus","tag-dictionnaire-de-laffaire-dreyfus"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - 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